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Building Science Concepts
Building Science Concepts is a series of 64 booklets for levels 1 to 4 of the curriculum. Each booklet is based around a theme and includes science information for teachers supported by a sequenced series of classroom activities.

Building Science Concepts: Titles and concept overviews contains a table of all the books in the series which you can search by book title, book number, contextual strand, and curriculum level.
Each title has an associated concept overview in PDF format.
About the Building Science Concepts series
The books provide a structured approach to the teaching of science concepts. They build students' understanding from simple to more complex scientific ideas, relating them to students' existing understandings of the world around them.
The books:
- have activities that support students' understanding of specific science concepts (adapt these to suit your learners)
- include activities from other resources that help develop the selected concepts
- provide diagnostic activities so you can find out what your students already know
- include science notes which help you:
- refresh your scientific understanding of the topic
- gain awareness of potential misconceptions your students may bring to the topic
- allow you to make informed decisions about how far to progress through the concept overview.
Pedagogical features of the Building Science Concepts series
The pedagogical ideas behind the series are based on research into how children learn. The series is designed to help teachers in primary schools build students' understanding of science concepts in steps.
Each book in the series focuses on a topic and presents a set of concepts about the topic. These link to each other and build concept by concept towards a major concept - a "big idea".
Teaching science concepts in familiar contexts
- Students can build their understanding when the context(s) of learning are familiar and meaningful.
- Some contexts are more helpful than others in challenging and building conceptual thinking in different areas of science.
- Contexts have been chosen to reflect traditional "favourites" as well as to suggest new possibilities for learning in primary science.
Explicit patterning of how to keep a clear science-conceptual focus while exploring a familiar context.
- Concepts within a context are clearly identified so that it is possible to keep a sharp focus on the planned learning.
- By indicating possible steps for conceptual learning within a topic, the booklets show how students can build their experiences of the world to accommodate increasingly abstract and/or interconnected ideas.
Signalling possible ideas that students might bring to their science learning.
- Science education research shows that school learning may have no impact on students' personal theories about the world unless these are acknowledged and used as a starting point on which to build.
- Activities in the series draw on research to anticipate students' likely personal theories.
- A "what you look for" guide assists teachers to draw out and use students' thinking in their teaching.
Using the series to teach the Nature of Science
Kick-Starting the Nature of Science (NZCER)
This resource provides ideas on using the Building Science Concepts series to teach the Nature of Science.
Assessment using the ARBs
NZCER | Building science concepts
The Building Science Concepts books are listed on the Assessment Resource Banks (ARBs) website with assessments for each "Big idea".
Building Science Concept books - additional copies to order
Many of these titles are still available from Down the Back of the Chair (Ministry of Education online catalogue). Please see the list below for available titles.
Availability is subject to change at any time. Use the MOE reference as the search term in the catalogue.
List of available Building Science Concepts books
Book number | Title | MOE reference |
3 | Birds: Structure, Function, and Adaptation | MOE12620 |
5 | Fur, Feathers, and Bark: Animal and Plant Coverings | MOE12622 |
9 | Shadows: Effects of the Absence of Light | MOE12626 |
11 | Seeing Colours: The Spectrum, the Eye, and the Brain | MOE12628 |
13 | Aluminium: Extracting and Using the Metal | MOE12630 |
16 | Sand, Salt, and Jelly Crystals: Melting and Mixing Materials | MOE12633 |
17 | Flight: Control in the Air | MOE12633 |
20 | Our Star, the Sun: Life and Time in a Solar System | MOE12637 |
21 | Life between the Tides: Sandy Shores, Mudflats, and Rocky Shores | MOE12638 |
22 | Tidal Communities: Interdependence and the Effects of Change | MOE12639 |
23 | Fresh Food: How Food Keeps and Loses Its Freshness | MOE12640 |
24 | Preserving Food: Processes in Food Storage | MOE12642 |
25 | Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds: Plants and Their Reproductive Parts | MOE12642 |
26 | Making New Plants: How Flowering Plants Reproduce | MOE12643 |
27 | Exploring Space: Discovering Our Place in the Universe | MOE12644 |
28 | The Night Sky: Patterns, Observations, and Traditions | MOE12645 |
29 | Solar Energy: Sun Power on Earth | MOE12646 |
30 | The Air around Us: Exploring the Substance we Live in | MOE12647 |
31 | Water and Weather: The Water Cycle and the Atmosphere | MOE12648 |
32 | Introducing Metals: The Properties and Uses of Common Metals | MOE12649 |
33 | Working with Metals: The Origins and Applications of Common Metals | MOE12650 |
34 | Parachutes: Floating and Falling in Air | MOE12651 |
35 | Is This a Plant?: Introducing the Plant Kingdom | MOE12652 |
36 | Heat on the Move: Transferring Heat Energy through Temperature Difference | MOE12653 |
37 | Floating and Sinking: How Objects Behave in Water | MOE12654 |
38 | Understanding Buoyancy: Why Objects Float or Sink | MOE12655 |
39 | Is This an Animal?: Introducing the Animal Kingdom | MOE12656 |
40 | Earthquakes: Feeling the Earth Move | MOE12657 |
41 | Fossils: Digging up the Past | MOE12658 |
42 | Marbles: Exploring Motion and Forces | MOE12659 |
43 | Spring: Observing Seasonal Changes | MOE12660 |
44 | Spring Is a Season: How Living Things Respond to Seasonal Changes | MOE12661 |
45 | Slugs and Snails: Investigating Small Animals | MOE12662 |
46 | Keeping Warm: Getting Heat Energy and Keeping It | MOE12663 |
47 | Insulation: Keeping Heat Energy In | MOE12664 |
48 | Fabrics: Origins, Properties, and Uses | MOE12665 |
49 | Invisible Forces: Magnetism and Static Electricity | MOE12666 |
50 | Storms: Extreme Weather | MOE12667 |
51 | Standing Up: Skeletons and Frameworks | MOE12668 |
52 | The Land Changes: Keeping Earth's Systems in Balance to Sustain Life | MOE12669 |
53 | Moulds Are Fungi: Structure, Function, and Interrelationships | MOE12670 |
54 | Windmills and Waterwheels: Harnessing the Energy of Wind and Water | MOE12671 |
55 | Mammals: Investigating a Group of Animals | MOE12672 |
56 | Bread: The Chemistry of Breadmaking | MOE12673 |
57 | Eggs: Mixing, Beating, Crushing, and Heating | MOE12674 |
58 | Ice: Melting and Freezing | MOE12675 |
59 | Bikes: Levers, Friction, and Motion | MOE12676 |
60 | Rubbish: How Do We Deal with It? | MOE12677 |
61 | Recycling: New Uses for Rubbish | MOE12678 |
62 | Spiders Everywhere!: Silk-spinning Carnivores in Our World | MOE12679 |
63 | Growing Plants Indoors: What an Indoor Plant Needs | MOE12680 |
64 | Candles: Investigating Combustion | MOE12681 |